Reflector.



No. 69!,048. Patented Jan. l4, I902.

J. L. CREVELING.

REFLECTOR.

(A ppli cation filed Dec. 1, 1899.) (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet l.

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No. 69l,048. Patented Jan. l4, I902. J. CBEVELING.

REFLECTOR.

(Application filed Dec. 1, 1899.)

(No Model.) 7 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

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enamel.

PATENT JOHN L. CREVELING,

OF NEXV YORK, N. Y.

REFLECTOR.

SPEQIFIGATIQN forming part of Letters Patent No. 691,048, dated January 14, 1902.

Application filed December 1,1899. Serial No. 738,819. (No model.)

1'0 ctZZ whom it may concern: v

Be it known that 1, JOHN L. GREVELING, a citizen of the United States, residing in New York, county ofNew York, State of New York, haveinvented a new and useful Improvement in Reflectors, of which the following is a specification, reference being bad to the accom panyingdrawings, forming a part thereof.

My invention pertains to that class of reflectors employed in lamps usuallysuspended from the ceiling and from which it is desired to reflect the light in a downward direction. In most such lamps the reflector has a central aperture through which the products of combustion or even a portion of the flame may pass, and commonly the flame and reflector are inclosed within a glass bowl to prevent the ill effect of drafts. In such lamps the reflectors are subjected to an extremely high heat, particularly those portions nearest the tips of the flame. It has been found if reflectors for these lamps be made of enameled iron that if hard enough enamel be used to withstand the extreme heat near the points of the flames the enamel is very apt to check and crack loose from the iron, owing to unequal expansion of the metal and If, however, the reflector be coated with a more elastic enamel, it is usually so soft that it will not withstand the heat and soon blisters or burns at the portions of the reflector nearest the flame. Inasmuch as any reflector intended to throw the light downward must have a considerable radial depth,-

it is impossible to make the reflector of porcelain or any such substance, which while it would withstand the heat would be caused to crack on account of unequal expansion. Tov

overcome these diiflculties, I have made a reflector in which the part nearest the flame and having little radial depth is made of porcelain or similar substance adapted to withstand a very high temperature and which is surrounded, preferably, by an enameled metal reflector which is snfflciently removed from the intense-heat of the flame that it may be coated with elastic enamel, which will stand the uneven expansion between the metal and itself, as will hereinafter be more fully explained with reference to the drawings.

In the drawings, Figure I shows my improved reflector in a lamp as is usually employed in the lighting of railroad-cars and to which my improved reflector is particularly applicable. Fig. II shows an elevation of the central portion of my reflector; Fig. III, a section of the entire reflector. Fig. IV is a bottom plan of the reflector complete.

In the drawings, particular reference being given to Fig. I, 1 represents the iron bodyring of the lamp, which is suspended, as from the ceiling, by means of the arms or supports 2. This body-ring is surmounted by a glass dome, as 8, and anysuitable crown or chimney, as indicated by 4.

5 represents the gasway-tube, which may be supplied with gas in any well-known man ner, as through one of the arms of the lamp. (Not shown.) This gasWay-tube is surrounded by the cup reflector 9 and provided with the cluster 6, carrying the burners 7. The cluster and burners are surrounded by the glass bowl, (indicated by S.)

10 represents the outer portion of my improved reflector, which is made, preferably, of enameled iron and attached to the bodyring 1, as by screws passing through the openings 11. (See Fig. IV.) Thisouter portion 10 supports the inner portion of the reflector 12, which is made, preferably, of porcelain and provided with the shoulder 13 and upturned lip 14. and holds in place the mica chimney 15, which, registering with the fines 16, forms a draft-passage for the products of combustion. The inner-portion of the reflector 12 is provided also with fillets 17 and 1S, defining the groove 19, into which may be placed the wire 20, having its ends twisted together, as indicated at 21. Thus it may be seen that in case this portion ofthe reflector be broken the fragments will be held intact and not fall down into the bowl of the lamp.

I have found it advisable in making these reflectors to crack the porcelain portion in one or more places, as indicated by the line 22. This having been done, unequal expansion between the inner and outer parts of this portion of the reflector is provided for, and while this crack will open very little under the influence of heat the reflectors show little if any tendency to break in other places. Of course this portion might be made of two halves held together entirely by the wire, as indicated by the dotted line 23 in Fig. IV.

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Thus. if the portion of refractory material be thus broken or' made in parts the binding member 19 is a necessary element.

It isobvious that in areflector made as described and shown above the outer or enameled-iron portion may be sufficiently removed from the flame, and it will last almost indefinitely, while the inner portion may be renewed from time to time at very little expense.

I do not Wish in any way to limit myself to the particular construction or design of reflector as shown in the attached drawings,

I the same being used merely to illustrate one form of reflector to-which my invention is applicable. It is obvious that many changes of I design might be eifected without departing from the spirit of my invention.

Having thus describedmy invention, what I- consider as novel, and desire to protect by as described;

Letters Patent, is asset forth in the following claims: v

'1. In a lamp-having achimney defining a draft-passage, a reflector having an outer metallic portion, supporting an inner portion of refractory material, said inner portion forming a support for the'chimney, substantially 2.111 a lamp having a draft-passage, a re flector having an outer metallic portion form'- ing a support for an inner portion of refractory material, said inner portion defining the entrance to the draft-passage, as and for the purpose set forth.

7 3. Ina lamp having a chimney defining a draft-passage, a reflector com prising an outer metallic portion with a central aperture and an inner portion of refractorymaterial forming a support for the chimney, substantially as described.

4. A reflector comprising an outer portion having a central aperture and an annularinner portion, fitting said aperture and provided with a shoulder resting upon the upper side of the said outer portion, as and for thepurpose set forth.

5. A reflector composed of inner and outer portions each provided with a central aperture, the inner portion having at its inner 8. A reflector composed of inner and outer portions, the said inner portion having a grooved surface and a binding-wire in said groove, substantially as described.

In testimony of all which I have hereunto attached my name.

JOHN L. OBEVELING.

Witnesses:

GEORGE B. J UCKETT,

ELMER E. ALLBEE. 

